02 07

EWC 02 07 covers residues from alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverage production: grape marc (pomace after pressing), wine lees (tartrate-containing sediment), spent wash (stillage from grain distilleries), brewery spent grain (covered also under 02 03), diatomite filter cake, CO₂ vent losses, fruit juice press cake and effluent sludge. The sector spans wine, beer, spirits, cider, fruit juices and soft drinks, generating broadly similar biodegradable organic residues.

Grape marc from European wine production (~8 Mt grapes processed/year) is distilled for marc brandy/grappa or composted. Wine lees (0.5–1 ML/year EU) are distilled to recover alcohol and tartaric acid — a significant commercial by-product in Italian and Spanish wine production. Distillery spent wash has very high BOD (~30,000 mg/L) and is co-digested or used in animal feed (vinasse) after concentration. Soft drink production generates CO₂ (recovered), fruit pomace and sugar syrup waste.

Diatomite filter cakes (used in beer and wine clarification) are classified as 02 07 03 (filter residues) and can be composted or used as soil conditioner. Where cleaning chemicals or SO₂ preservation treatments contaminate process residues, hazardous sub-classification may apply. Industrial CO₂ recovery from fermentation is increasingly valuable for food-grade use, reducing reliance on synthetic CO₂ sources.