We use cookies to improve your experience and save your reports. Privacy Policy

Chapter 20 — Municipal wastes and similar commercial, industrial and institutional wastes including separately collected fractions Non-Hazardous

EWC Code

20 02

Garden and park wastes (including cemetery waste)

EUR-Lex Commission Decision 2000/532/EC — Official Journal L 226, 06/09/2000

Annual Volume

30 million tonnes/year EU garden and park waste

Valorisation Range

€700M composting and green waste market

Primary Route

Composting and land application

Need verified buyer contacts with location-specific pricing?

Get contacts for EWC 20 02

Waste Classification

EWC 20 02 covers garden and park wastes including cemetery waste. Sub-entries: 20 02 01 (biodegradable waste — grass, leaves, branches), 20 02 02 (soil and stones) and 20 02 03 (other non-biodegradable wastes — artificial flowers, plastic plant pots, wire, gravel from graves).

Garden waste is predominantly seasonal: leaf fall collection in autumn; grass clippings throughout growing season; hedge and tree trimmings from maintenance operations. Source-separate garden waste collected through kerbside bins, bring sites or civic amenity sites has high composting quality when free from plastic, glass and other contaminants. Commingled collection reduces compost quality.

Cemetery waste includes floral tributes (fresh flowers, artificial flowers, wreaths), grave soil from burial activities, grave aggregate (gravel, stones) and construction waste from gravestone works. Fresh flowers classified 20 02 01; artificial flowers and plastics classified 20 02 03. Some cemeteries operate on-site composting of biodegradable waste.

Typical Generators

Local authorities (parks and streets)
Households (garden waste collections)
Cemetery management organisations
Commercial landscaping contractors
Sports ground managers

Disposal & Valorisation Routes

Established valorisation pathways for EWC 20 02, ranked by economic value and market depth. Composting and land application is the primary route.

Composting and land application

Primary

Source-separate green waste composted at windrow or in-vessel composting facilities. Mature compost applied to agricultural land, parks, gardens and land reclamation as soil improver. Meeting PAS 100 (UK) or equivalent national quality standard enables end-of-waste status. Processing time: 10–14 weeks windrow; 6–8 weeks in-vessel.

Anaerobic digestion (grass and leaf waste)

Secondary

Wet green waste (grass clippings, vegetable garden waste) processed by anaerobic digestion to recover biogas for electricity and heat generation. Digestate applied to agricultural land. AD particularly suited to high-moisture-content green waste fractions unsuitable for dry windrow composting.

Chipping and biomass energy (woody waste)

Backstop

Woody garden waste (hedge trimmings, prunings, small branches) chipped for use as biomass fuel in wood chip boilers or as chipwood mulch in parks and gardens. Lower-quality chipped material co-fired with other biomass. Carbon-neutral energy recovery from wood fraction.

These are the established routes for EWC 20 02. Which one your stream qualifies for depends on its composition, volume and region.

Get the ranked options for your stream

NACE Receiving Industries

Primary & secondary off-takers

01
Hazardous waste treatment

Civic amenity sites and green waste collection points (non-hazardous operations)

02
Collection of non-hazardous waste

Local authority collection services for kerbside garden waste bins

03
Growing of cereals

Agricultural recipients of garden waste compost as soil improver

04
Landscape service activities

Landscaping contractors generating and managing green waste from contract maintenance

Source: NACE Rev.2 — Eurostat, 2008

Regulatory Context

Key legislative frameworks governing EWC 20 02 classification, transport, and treatment.

WFD 2008/98/EC Art. 22 — biowaste separate collection

WFD (as amended by Directive 2018/851) requires separate collection of biowaste including garden waste by 2024. Garden waste is a significant biowaste fraction contributing to national biowaste collection targets. Member States report biowaste collection and treatment rates. Separate collection enables higher quality composting.

Nitrates Directive 91/676/EEC — compost land application

Garden waste compost applied to agricultural land subject to Nitrates Directive application restrictions in NVZs (170 kg N/ha/yr limit from organic sources). Compost nitrogen content is lower than slurry/digestate; typical garden waste compost 1–1.5% N. Land application planning required for farm nutrient management plans.

Landfill Directive 1999/31/EC — biodegradable waste diversion

Landfill Directive progressive targets reduce biodegradable municipal waste to landfill. Garden waste composting and AD contribute directly to biodegradable waste diversion targets. Landfill of untreated garden waste increasingly restricted in Member States that have met targets — composting remains the compliant preferred route.

Get buyer contacts for EWC 20 02

Leave your work email. Our industrial desk sends verified company contacts with location-specific pricing and contract minimums for garden and park wastes (including cemetery waste) — not generic benchmarks.

Reviewed by our industrial desk within 1 business day.

Explore EU waste flows — Waste Atlas

Visualise 17 years of E-PRTR industrial facility data. See how EWC 20 02 and related waste streams flow across European industries and sectors.

View Atlas

Source: EUR-Lex Commission Decision 2000/532/EC · NACE Rev.2 — Eurostat 2008

Browse all EWC codes