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Chapter 19 — Wastes from waste management facilities, off-site waste water treatment plants and the preparation of water intended for human consumption and water for industrial use Non-Hazardous

EWC Code

19 13

Wastes from soil and groundwater remediation

EUR-Lex Commission Decision 2000/532/EC — Official Journal L 226, 06/09/2000

Annual Volume

10 million tonnes/year EU remediation wastes

Valorisation Range

€1.1B contaminated land remediation market

Primary Route

Ex-situ biological treatment (bioremediation)

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Waste Classification

EWC 19 13 covers wastes from soil and groundwater remediation activities. Sub-entries: 19 13 01 (solid wastes from soil remediation containing dangerous substances — hazardous), 19 13 02 (non-hazardous solid wastes), 19 13 03* (sludges from soil remediation containing dangerous substances), 19 13 04 (non-hazardous sludges), 19 13 05* (sludges from groundwater remediation containing dangerous substances), 19 13 06 (non-hazardous groundwater remediation sludges), 19 13 07* (aqueous liquid wastes from groundwater remediation containing dangerous substances) and 19 13 08 (non-hazardous aqueous liquid wastes).

Contaminated land remediation generates wastes whose classification depends on contaminant identity and concentration. Common contaminants: petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) from fuel storage leaks; chlorinated solvents (TCE, PCE) from industrial sites; PAHs and cyanides from former gas works; heavy metals (Pb, As, Cd) from smelting sites; pesticides and herbicides from agricultural sites. Each contaminant requires HP threshold assessment.

Pump-and-treat groundwater remediation produces large volumes of contaminated groundwater requiring treatment. Granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption is common for chlorinated solvents and organics; air stripping for volatile compounds; ion exchange for metals. Spent media from these treatment processes generate secondary wastes under 19 13 05*, 19 13 06, 19 13 07* or 19 13 08.

Typical Generators

Contaminated land remediation contractors
Developer-funded brownfield projects
Industrial site decommissioning projects
Former manufactured gas plant (MGP) sites

Disposal & Valorisation Routes

Established valorisation pathways for EWC 19 13, ranked by economic value and market depth. Ex-situ biological treatment (bioremediation) is the primary route.

Ex-situ biological treatment (bioremediation)

Primary

Excavated petroleum-contaminated soil treated in contained windrows or biopiles by engineered bioremediation — aeration, nutrient addition, moisture control. Petroleum hydrocarbons biodegraded by indigenous microorganisms to residual concentrations meeting target cleanup levels. Treated soil reused on-site or disposed as non-hazardous material.

Thermal desorption (chlorinated solvents, PAH)

Secondary

Excavated soil containing volatile chlorinated solvents or PAHs treated by low-temperature thermal desorption (90–350°C) or high-temperature thermal treatment (350–600°C). Volatilised contaminants captured and incinerated or adsorbed to activated carbon. Treated soil returned to site.

Off-site hazardous landfill

Backstop

Heavily contaminated soil not amenable to cost-effective treatment disposed at permitted hazardous landfill after stabilisation to meet WAC. High metal-content soils from smelter sites and cyanide-contaminated soils from gas works sites typically require this route due to treatment cost and difficulty.

These are the established routes for EWC 19 13. Which one your stream qualifies for depends on its composition, volume and region.

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NACE Receiving Industries

Primary & secondary off-takers

01
Remediation activities and other waste management

Contaminated land specialists providing ex-situ treatment and waste management

02
Hazardous waste treatment

Thermal desorption and hazardous landfill disposal of contaminated soil and sludges

03
Development of building projects

Property developers commissioning brownfield remediation for new construction

04
General public administration activities

Government bodies funding remediation of orphan contaminated land

Source: NACE Rev.2 — Eurostat, 2008

Regulatory Context

Key legislative frameworks governing EWC 19 13 classification, transport, and treatment.

WFD 2008/98/EC — waste from remediation activities

Contaminated soil excavated during remediation becomes waste subject to WFD. Uncontaminated soil and soil meeting applicable quality standards may be excluded under WFD Art. 2(1)(a). Soil reused on the same remediation site without off-site transfer may benefit from by-product or exclusion provisions in some Member States.

IED 2010/75/EU — ex-situ thermal treatment

Thermal desorption facilities above IPPC thresholds require IED permit. Emissions from thermal treatment of chlorinated solvent-contaminated soil must meet IED Chapter II or Chapter IV ELVs. PCDD/F monitoring required where halogenated organics are treated. Treated soil quality testing required before disposal.

REACH Regulation 1907/2006 — SVHCs in remediation waste

Remediation contractors must communicate SVHC presence in contaminated soil and groundwater treatment residues to receiving disposal facilities. Chlorinated solvents TCE and PCE are Annex XIV SVHC candidates. Disposal facilities must have appropriate safety management for SVHC-containing wastes.

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Industries That Use This Waste

Sectors that valorise EWC 19 13 as an input material or secondary raw material.

Explore EU waste flows — Waste Atlas

Visualise 17 years of E-PRTR industrial facility data. See how EWC 19 13 and related waste streams flow across European industries and sectors.

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Source: EUR-Lex Commission Decision 2000/532/EC · NACE Rev.2 — Eurostat 2008

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