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Chapter 06 — Wastes from inorganic chemical processes Non-Hazardous

EWC Code

06 07

Wastes from manufacture, formulation, supply and use of halogens and halogen chemical processes

EUR-Lex Commission Decision 2000/532/EC — Official Journal L 226, 06/09/2000

Annual Volume

~100–300 kt/year halogen-bearing inorganic waste

Valorisation Range

Chlorine waste management cost €200–500/t; bromine recovery significant where concentrated

Primary Route

Halogen recovery and neutralisation

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Waste Classification

EWC 06 07 covers residues and wastes from the production and use of elemental halogens (Cl₂, Br₂, F₂, I₂) and halogen compounds — principally chlorine-containing wastes from the chlor-alkali industry, fluorine wastes from HF/fluorocarbon manufacture, and bromine wastes from bromide production. All sub-codes (06 07 01*, 06 07 02*, 06 07 03*, 06 07 04*) are hazardous.

Asbestos-contaminated wastes from the decommissioning of mercury-cell chlor-alkali plants (06 07 01*) are particularly challenging — EU has been phasing out mercury-cell technology and asbestos-wrapped equipment requires specialist abatement. Activated carbon from chlorine purification (06 07 02*) is hazardous due to adsorbed chlorine. Barium sulphate sludges (06 07 03*) from barium chloride manufacture are denser but often non-hazardous depending on barium content.

EU chlor-alkali capacity has shifted to membrane cell technology, eliminating mercury and reducing waste hazard profiles. Fluoride-containing waste from HF manufacture (06 07 04*) requires calcium fluoride precipitation before any disposal. Bromine recovery from Dead Sea brines via air blowing is external to EU but bromine derivative wastes arise in pharmaceutical and flame-retardant chemical manufacturing.

Typical Generators

Chlor-alkali plants
Fluorochemical manufacturers
Bromide chemical producers

Disposal & Valorisation Routes

Established valorisation pathways for EWC 06 07, ranked by economic value and market depth. Halogen recovery and neutralisation is the primary route.

Halogen recovery and neutralisation

Primary

Spent chlorine-containing streams scrubbed with caustic to produce sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for sale or use in water treatment. Fluoride-bearing effluent precipitated as CaF₂ sludge — cement kiln use as mineraliser. Bromine recovered by air stripping and condensation from dilute streams.

Asbestos abatement and specialist disposal

Secondary

Asbestos-containing materials (ACM) from mercury-cell plant decommissioning (06 07 01*) removed by licensed asbestos removal contractors under CAW Directive 2009/148/EC. Double-bagged and transported to hazardous landfill cells designed for fibrous ACM. No recycling routes exist.

Hazardous waste incineration

Backstop

Activated carbon (06 07 02*) and halogenated organic co-wastes incinerated at high-temperature facilities with HCl/HF acid gas scrubbing. Scrubber liquor neutralised and treated. Acid gas ELV: HCl ≤10 mg/Nm³, HF ≤1 mg/Nm³ under IED.

These are the established routes for EWC 06 07. Which one your stream qualifies for depends on its composition, volume and region.

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NACE Receiving Industries

Primary & secondary off-takers

01
Manufacture of other inorganic basic chemicals

Chlor-alkali operators manage halogen waste streams internally through neutralisation and product recovery

02
Construction of residential and non-residential buildings

Asbestos abatement contractors handle chlor-alkali plant decommissioning ACM waste

03
Manufacture of cement

Accepts CaF₂ sludge as fluorite substitute and mineraliser in clinker production

04
Treatment and disposal of hazardous waste

Incineration and specialist disposal of activated carbon and halogen-containing wastes

Source: NACE Rev.2 — Eurostat, 2008

Regulatory Context

Key legislative frameworks governing EWC 06 07 classification, transport, and treatment.

Regulation (EU) 2017/852 — Mercury-cell phase-out

All EU mercury-cell chlor-alkali plants required to convert to membrane technology by 11 December 2017. Decommissioning generates mercury, asbestos and contaminated equipment wastes. Mercury waste must be stored permanently; asbestos under CAW Directive.

Directive 2009/148/EC on worker protection from asbestos

Asbestos abatement during chlor-alkali plant decommissioning requires licensed contractor, notification to competent authority, air monitoring during works, and decontamination facilities. ACM transported under ADR Class 9 (UN 2590).

IED 2010/75/EU — Chlor-alkali BREF

Membrane cell technology is BAT for new and existing chlor-alkali plants. Chlorine destruction efficiency requirements, dechlorination of wastewater before discharge, and activated carbon management covered in BAT conclusions.

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Industries That Use This Waste

Sectors that valorise EWC 06 07 as an input material or secondary raw material.

Explore EU waste flows — Waste Atlas

Visualise 17 years of E-PRTR industrial facility data. See how EWC 06 07 and related waste streams flow across European industries and sectors.

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Source: EUR-Lex Commission Decision 2000/532/EC · NACE Rev.2 — Eurostat 2008

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